Skip to main content
Mallory
MalwareRansomware

VanHelsing

VanHelsing is a ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) operation launched in March 2025. It is described as a rapidly growing, multi-platform ransomware family promoted on cybercrime forums, with support for targeting Windows as well as Linux, BSD, ARM, and ESXi systems. The operation reportedly requires a $5,000 affiliate deposit and uses an 80/20 revenue split in favor of affiliates. It also explicitly forbids attacks against Russian and other CIS targets.

On Windows, VanHelsing encrypts files and appends the .vanhelsing extension, drops a README.txt ransom note in affected folders, and changes the desktop wallpaper to vhlocker.png. Reported behavior includes targeting local and network drives, processing files in roughly 1 MB chunks, deleting shadow copies to inhibit recovery, using process hollowing for defense evasion, and creating the mutex Global\VanHelsing. The malware supports command-line options including --Silent and --no-logs to reduce visibility and artifacts. Reporting also associates it with lateral movement activity using PsExec. Victim communications and payment infrastructure reportedly use onion domains, TOX, and Bitcoin, with observed ransom demands reaching about $500,000.

The operation became notable after source code for its affiliate panel, data leak blog, and Windows encryptor builder was published on the RAMP cybercrime forum following an attempted sale by a former developer using the alias th30c0der. Reporting states the leaked materials included a legitimate Windows encryptor builder, Windows encryptor source, a decryptor, a loader, and evidence of development toward an MBR locker. The leaked builder reportedly depended on an affiliate panel, previously hosted at 31.222.238[.]208, to retrieve build-time data, and the leaked panel code included an api.php endpoint. The public leak did not reportedly include the Linux builder or databases. The operators stated they planned to return with a new version branded VanHelsing 2.0.

Detection-related reporting describes YARA coverage for VanHelsing based on code sequences associated with encryption, lateral movement, and shadow copy deletion, and multiple analytics link the ransomware to shadow copy deletion behavior.

Share:
For your environment

Hunt this family in your stack

Mallory pivots from this family to the IOCs, detections, and named campaigns that touch your stack, and pages you when something new lands.

MITRE ATT&CK

Techniques & procedures

7 distinct techniques documented for this family, organized by ATT&CK tactic.

Execution

1 technique
T1059.003Windows Command ShellEvidence1

It uses various techniques including shadow copy deletion, process hollowing, and command-line arguments to control encryption behavior.

Privilege Escalation

1 technique
T1055.012Process HollowingEvidence1

For defense evasion, the ransomware employs several sophisticated techniques... and utilizes process hollowing techniques to evade security controls.

Stealth

2 techniques
T1055.012Process HollowingEvidence1

For defense evasion, the ransomware employs several sophisticated techniques... and utilizes process hollowing techniques to evade security controls.

T1480.001Environmental KeyingEvidence1

To maintain control over its operation, it creates a mutex "Global\VanHelsing" to prevent multiple instances from running simultaneously.

Discovery

1 technique
T1135Network Share DiscoveryEvidence1

The malware changes the desktop background to a custom image (vhlocker.png) and targets both local and network drives.

Impact

3 techniques
T1486Data Encrypted for ImpactEvidence1

Files are encrypted with the .vanhelsing extension, and a ransom note (README.txt) is dropped in each folder.

T1490Inhibit System RecoveryEvidence1

It attempts to delete shadow copies using various methods to prevent system recovery

T1491.001Internal DefacementEvidence1

The malware changes the desktop background to a custom image (vhlocker.png)

INDICATORS OF COMPROMISE

IOCs tracked for this family

1 indicator attributed across vendor reports, sandbox runs, and researcher write-ups. Full values are available in Mallory.

View more in app
Network
1 tracked

IPs, domains, and DNS infrastructure linked to this family.

TypeValueLatest sighting
ip.v4●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app1 year ago
What this page doesn’t show

The version that knows your environment.

This page is what’s public. Mallory adds the parts that aren’t: which of your assets match these IOCs, which detections are missing, which campaigns to expect next, and what to do in the next 30 minutes.
IOC matching1

Match every observed IP, domain, and hash against your live telemetry.

Threat actor attribution

Named campaigns wielding this family, with evidence pinned to each claim.

Exploited vulnerabilities

CVEs this family uses for access and lateral movement.

Detection signatures

YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.

MITRE ATT&CK mapping7

Every documented technique, ranked by evidence weight.

Researcher chatter

Reddit, Mastodon, and CTI community discussion around this family.

VanHelsing | Mallory