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CVE-2025-31499 affects Jellyfin, an open source self-hosted media server. Versions prior to 10.10.7 are vulnerable to argument injection in FFmpeg invocation. The issue is a bypass of the earlier fix for CVE-2023-49096: although some parameters were sanitized, other unsanitized parameters remained attacker-controllable and could still be injected into FFmpeg command-line arguments. The vulnerable attack surface includes the unauthenticated streaming endpoints /Videos/<itemId>/stream and /Videos/<itemId>/stream.<container>, and likely similar endpoints in AudioController. Exploitation requires a valid itemId; while the endpoints are unauthenticated, any authenticated low-privileged user can readily obtain a valid itemId and use it to trigger the vulnerable code path. Successful exploitation enables arbitrary file write via FFmpeg argument injection, which can then be chained into remote code execution through Jellyfin's plugin system.
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