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Critical

Linux kernel net/smc smc_tcp_syn_recv_sock() NULL dereference and use-after-free

IdentifiersCVE-2026-23450CWE-416· Use After Free

CVE-2026-23450 is a race-condition-driven memory-safety vulnerability in the Linux kernel net/smc subsystem, specifically in smc_tcp_syn_recv_sock(). The function is invoked in the TCP receive path via icsk_af_ops->syn_recv_sock on the clcsock TCP listening socket and reads clcsock->sk_user_data to obtain the associated smc_sock pointer. During concurrent closure of the SMC listen socket, smc_close_active() can clear clcsock->sk_user_data to NULL under sk_callback_lock, and the referenced smc_sock can then be freed via sock_put() in smc_release(). Because clcsock and smc_sock are separate objects with independent reference counts, a reference held by the TCP stack on clcsock does not keep smc_sock alive. As a result, smc_tcp_syn_recv_sock() may either dereference a NULL sk_user_data pointer or dereference a dangling smc_sock pointer after free when accessing fields such as queued_smc_hs or ori_af_ops. The issue was reported by syzkaller and is reachable through both the SYN cookie path tcp_get_cookie_sock() -> smc_tcp_syn_recv_sock() and the normal tcp_check_req() path. The upstream fix protects sk_user_data access with RCU, defers freeing with SOCK_RCU_FREE, and uses refcount_inc_not_zero(&smc->sk.sk_refcnt) to safely pin smc_sock before dereference.

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Impact, mitigation & remediation

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Impact

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Successful triggering causes kernel memory-safety failures in the TCP/SMC handshake path, resulting in either a NULL pointer dereference or a use-after-free. The practical impact is kernel panic / denial of service. Because the flaw involves dereferencing freed kernel objects in softirq context, memory corruption risk exists, but the provided content specifically documents crash/panic behavior rather than confirmed controlled code execution.

Mitigation

If you can’t patch tonight, do this now.

If immediate patching is not possible, reduce exposure by disabling or avoiding use of the SMC subsystem/listening sockets where operationally feasible, thereby removing the vulnerable code path from TCP SYN handling. More generally, limit untrusted network reachability to affected services and hosts until patched. No complete mitigation short of applying the kernel fix is provided in the content.

Remediation

Patch, then assume compromise.

Apply a Linux kernel version containing the upstream fix for CVE-2026-23450. The fix sets SOCK_RCU_FREE on the SMC listen socket, wraps sk_user_data reads in rcu_read_lock(), and uses refcount_inc_not_zero() to acquire a safe reference to smc_sock before dereferencing it. Downstream vendor kernel updates, including SUSE advisories cited in the content, also include the fix.
PUBLIC EXPLOITS

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VALID 0 / 0 TOTALView more in app

No public exploit code observed for this vulnerability.

EXPOSURE SURFACE

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