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MalwareUsed by 3 actorsExploits 2 CVEs

SPAWNCHIMERA

SPAWNCHIMERA is a SPAWN-family malware toolkit developed specifically for Ivanti Connect Secure / Ivanti VPN appliances. Reporting in the provided content links it to exploitation of Ivanti vulnerabilities including CVE-2025-0282 and CVE-2025-22457, with deployment observed from at least December 2024 through 2025. TeamT5 describes SPAWNCHIMERA as comprising modules including SPAWNANT (installer), SPAWNMOLE (SOCKS5 tunneler), SPAWNSNAIL (SSH backdoor), and SPAWNSLOTH (log wiper). The malware is associated in the content with suspected China-nexus espionage activity, including clusters tracked as UNC5337 and the broader UNC5221.

Capabilities directly mentioned in the content include surviving reboots, creating an SSH tunnel / covert SSH-based command-and-control path, port-knocking access, log tampering or wiping, and evasion through modification of the Ivanti Integrity Checker Tool. One cited sample/client accessed the SpawnChimera backdoor via port knocking, and another report states a SpawnChimera client tied to IP 203.234.192.200 used TLS ClientHello-based port knocking; that IP is identified in the content as belonging to The Hankyoreh newspaper in South Korea. Additional behavior mentioned includes use of the touch command to alter timestamps and generation of RSA keys to sign modified files so manifests appear legitimate.

The malware is described as targeting Ivanti Connect Secure appliances used by enterprises and government organizations, with victims across multiple countries and sectors including government, telecommunications, financial institutions, automotive, and chemical industries. Related reporting in the content notes overlap between SPAWNCHIMERA and later SPAWN-family variants such as RESURGE and SPAWNWAVE; RESURGE is explicitly described as building on SPAWNCHIMERA and sharing SSH-tunneling and reboot-persistence functionality while adding further commands.

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EXPLOITED CVES

Vulnerabilities exploited

2 CVEs Mallory has correlated with this family across public research and vendor advisories. Each row links to the full Mallory page for that vulnerability.

2 CVES
CVE-2025-22457Unauthenticated RCE in Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA GatewaysExploited in the wild

Similarly, CVE-2025-22457 is also attributed to a stack-based buffer overflow weakness. This vulnerability impacts a range of Ivanti products, including Pulse Connect Secure 9.1x and Ivanti Connect Secure 22.7R2.5 and earlier... Ivanti released a patch for this vulnerability on February 11, 2025.

via security online infosecurityonline.info
CVE-2025-0282Unauthenticated RCE in Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and Neurons for ZTA GatewayExploited in the wild

deliver updated versions of SPAWN called SPAWNCHIMERA and RESURGE. | "...installed by exploiting a zero-day vulnerability at that time, CVE-2025-0282, during attacks against organizations in Japan around December 2024..."; "CVE-2025-0282 refers to a critical security flaw in ICS that could allow unauthenticated remote code execution. It was addressed by Ivanti in early January 2025."

via the hacker newsthehackernews.com
THREAT ACTORS

Groups observed using it

3 distinct threat actors attributed by public researchers. Open in Mallory to see the full evidence chain and overlapping campaigns.

View more details
Kimsuky

----[ 2.7 Spawn Chimera and The Hankyoreh Drop Location: mnt/hgfs/Desktop/New folder/203.234.192.200_client.zip The client accesses the SpawnChimera backdoor via port knocking.

via phrackphrack.org
UNC5221

Mandiant ... reported that attackers began leveraging this vulnerability as early as mid-December, deploying the custom Spawn malware toolkit... TeamT5 reports that the threat actor used SPAWNCHIMERA, a malware toolkit developed specifically for Ivanti VPN appliances.

via security online infosecurityonline.info
UNC5337

Mandiant ... reported that attackers began leveraging this vulnerability as early as mid-December, deploying the custom Spawn malware toolkit... TeamT5 reports that the threat actor used SPAWNCHIMERA, a malware toolkit developed specifically for Ivanti VPN appliances.

via security online infosecurityonline.info
MITRE ATT&CK

Techniques & procedures

13 distinct techniques documented for this family, organized by ATT&CK tactic.

Initial Access

1 technique
T1190Exploit Public-Facing ApplicationEvidence2

"...threat actors exploited Ivanti CVE-2025-0282 for initial access."

Execution

1 technique
T1203Exploitation for Client ExecutionEvidence1
TacticExecution

"The main attack vector is CVE-2025-0282, a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that affects Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways."

Persistence

3 techniques
T1205.001Port KnockingEvidence2

The client accesses the SpawnChimera backdoor via port knocking.

T1505.003Web ShellEvidence1

“These commands: Create a web shell… Enable the use of web shells for credential harvesting, account creation, password resets, and escalating permissions.”

T1542.003BootkitEvidence1

“Copy the web shell to the Ivanti running boot disk and manipulate the running coreboot image.”

Stealth

5 techniques
T1027Obfuscated Files or InformationEvidence1
TacticStealth

The content repeatedly describes adversaries using Base64, XOR, RC4, AES, hexadecimal encoding, string encryption, code flattening, custom crypters, and other obfuscation methods to hide payloads, strings, configuration data, URLs, and scripts.

T1070.004File DeletionEvidence1
TacticStealth

The content repeatedly describes adversaries and malware deleting files, directories, droppers, scripts, logs, archives, staged data, and other artifacts from compromised systems, e.g., 'APT29 has used SDelete to remove artifacts from victim networks' and 'Lazarus Group malware has deleted files in various ways, including "suicide scripts" to delete malware binaries from the victim.'

T1070.006TimestompEvidence1
TacticStealth

APT28 has performed timestomping on victim files. APT29 has used timestomping to alter the Standard Information timestamps on their web shells to match other files in the same directory. APT32 has used scheduled task raw XML with a backdated timestamp... APT38 has modified data timestamps to mimic files that are in the same folder on a compromised host.

T1205.001Port KnockingEvidence2

The client accesses the SpawnChimera backdoor via port knocking.

T1542.003BootkitEvidence1

“Copy the web shell to the Ivanti running boot disk and manipulate the running coreboot image.”

Defense Impairment

2 techniques
T1553.002Code SigningEvidence1

The content repeatedly describes threat actors and malware using valid, stolen, forged, self-signed, or abused code-signing certificates to sign malware and appear legitimate, including examples such as AppleJeus using a valid digital signature from Sectigo, APT41 leveraging code-signing certificates, FIN7 signing Carbanak payloads, and SUNBURST being digitally signed by SolarWinds.

T1601Modify System ImageEvidence1

PHASEJAM 'has modified Ivanti Connect Secure appliances and blocks the system upgrades by altering the DSUpgrade.pm file'; SPAWNCHIMERA 'has modified the Ivanti Integrity Checker Tool to evade detection.'

Collection

1 technique
T1005Data from Local SystemEvidence1

The content repeatedly describes threat actors and malware collecting, stealing, identifying, copying, or staging files, documents, credentials, logs, databases, and other information from compromised hosts or local systems.

T1205.001Port KnockingEvidence2

The client accesses the SpawnChimera backdoor via port knocking.

T1572Protocol TunnelingEvidence1

"...RESURGE...creates a Secure Shell (SSH) tunnel for command and control (C2)."

Other

1 technique
T1562Impair DefensesEvidence1

The content repeatedly describes threat actors and malware disabling or modifying security tools, EDR/AV, logging, firewall rules, integrity checkers, and security settings; e.g., 'Agrius used several mechanisms to try to disable security tools' and 'BlackByte disabled security tools such as Windows Defender and the Raccine anti-ransomware tool during operations.'

What this page doesn’t show

The version that knows your environment.

This page is what’s public. Mallory adds the parts that aren’t: which of your assets match these IOCs, which detections are missing, which campaigns to expect next, and what to do in the next 30 minutes.
IOC matching

Match every observed IP, domain, and hash against your live telemetry.

Threat actor attribution3

Named campaigns wielding this family, with evidence pinned to each claim.

Exploited vulnerabilities2

CVEs this family uses for access and lateral movement.

Detection signatures

YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.

MITRE ATT&CK mapping13

Every documented technique, ranked by evidence weight.

Researcher chatter

Reddit, Mastodon, and CTI community discussion around this family.