VAXOne
VAXOne is a backdoor used by the Iranian nation-state threat group MuddyWater (aka Mango Sandstorm or TA450), which is affiliated with Iran's Ministry of Intelligence and Security (MOIS). It is deployed as part of MuddyWater's cyber-espionage campaigns targeting a wide range of Israeli sectors—including academia, engineering, local government, manufacturing, technology, transportation, and utilities—as well as a technology company in Egypt. The malware is delivered via spear-phishing and exploitation of VPN vulnerabilities. VAXOne is used alongside other custom and open-source tools for espionage, credential theft, and persistence. The campaign demonstrates increased operational maturity, stealth, and credential harvesting capabilities. VAXOne is part of a broader toolset that includes other backdoors, loaders, and data stealers, and is used to maintain covert access and control over compromised systems. Specific technical details or unique capabilities of VAXOne are not provided in the available content.
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