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MalwareUsed by 1 actor

GuestConduit

GuestConduit is a previously unobserved Golang-based network traffic–tunneling implant used in VMware virtualized environments. According to CrowdStrike reporting cited in the content, it runs inside a guest VM and establishes a VSOCK listener on port 5555 to facilitate guest-to-hypervisor communication and traffic tunneling. The content further states that it parses JSON-formatted requests to mirror or forward traffic and likely operates in conjunction with the Junction implant, which resides on ESXi hosts and communicates with guest VMs via VSOCK.

GuestConduit has been associated with the China-nexus threat actor WARP PANDA. CrowdStrike reported the actor deploying JSP web shells, the BRICKSTORM malware family, and the previously unknown Junction and GuestConduit implants during intrusions targeting VMware vCenter, ESXi hosts, and guest VMs. The reported victimology includes U.S.-based legal, technology, and manufacturing organizations, and the operations were assessed as focused on stealthy, long-term persistence and intelligence collection aligned with PRC strategic interests. The content states that WARP PANDA commonly gained initial access by exploiting internet-facing edge devices, then pivoted into vCenter environments using valid credentials or vCenter vulnerability exploitation, with lateral movement via SSH and the privileged vpxuser account.

High-confidence behavioral details in the content are limited but consistent: GuestConduit is Golang-based, resides in guest VMs, listens on VSOCK port 5555, and functions as a tunneling implant for forwarding traffic within VMware ESXi ecosystems. No additional standalone IOCs beyond the VSOCK listener on port 5555 are provided in the content.

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THREAT ACTORS

Groups observed using it

1 distinct threat actor attributed by public researchers. Open in Mallory to see the full evidence chain and overlapping campaigns.

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WARP PANDA

CrowdStrike observed the same threat group deploying previously unknown Junction and GuestConduit malware implants in VMware ESXi environments.

via bleeping computerbleepingcomputer.com
MITRE ATT&CK

Techniques & procedures

2 distinct techniques documented for this family, organized by ATT&CK tactic.

Persistence

2 techniques
T1505.003Web ShellEvidence1

“deploying JSP web shells and BRICKSTORM on VMware vCenter servers”

T1543Create or Modify System ProcessEvidence1

“PRC state-sponsored cyber actors are using BRICKSTORM malware for long-term persistence… uploaded BRICKSTORM… to an internal VMware vCenter server… used BRICKSTORM for persistent access from at least April 2024 through… Sept. 3, 2025.”

T1543Create or Modify System ProcessEvidence1

“PRC state-sponsored cyber actors are using BRICKSTORM malware for long-term persistence… uploaded BRICKSTORM… to an internal VMware vCenter server… used BRICKSTORM for persistent access from at least April 2024 through… Sept. 3, 2025.”

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