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Mallory
Malware

AiFrame

AiFrame is a coordinated malicious browser-extension campaign involving 32 fake AI assistant extensions, primarily affecting Chrome users. Public reporting describes it as an iframe-injecting data stealer and states the extensions were installed by more than 260,000 users. The extensions embed remote, server-controlled interfaces and operate as privileged proxies to sensitive browser capabilities. Reported behavior includes loading a remote-controlled iframe to extract page content, enabling speech-recognition-based exfiltration, and in some cases reading and transmitting Gmail content. The campaign was documented by LayerX, with researcher Natalie Zargarov noting that the extensions use server-controlled interfaces to access sensitive browser functionality. Within broader reporting on malware campaigns targeting AI tools and browser-extension marketplaces, AiFrame is specifically associated with fake AI assistant browser add-ons used to siphon sensitive data from users.

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For your environment

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MITRE ATT&CK

Techniques & procedures

10 distinct techniques documented for this family, organized by ATT&CK tactic.

Execution

1 technique
T1204User ExecutionEvidence1

"marketed as a way to scrape Meta Business Suite data..."; "extensions masquerading as VK customization tools"; "advertised as artificial intelligence (AI) assistants"

Persistence

1 technique
T1176Software ExtensionsEvidence1

Six campaigns targeted browser extension or IDE extension marketplaces... The Microsoft-reported campaign alone reached 900,000 installs across 20,000+ enterprise tenants.

Credential Access

2 techniques
T1056Input CaptureEvidence1

"The malware also supports the capability to start speech recognition and exfiltrate the resulting transcript to the remote page."

T1056.001KeyloggingEvidence1

"specifically target Gmail by reading visible email content directly from the document object model (DOM) when a victim visits mail.google[.]com."

Lateral Movement

1 technique
T1021Remote ServicesEvidence1

"...they embed remote, server-controlled interfaces inside extension-controlled surfaces..."; "...render a full-screen iframe overlay pointing to a remote domain (\"claude.tapnetic[.]pro\"), allowing the attackers to remotely introduce new capabilities..."

Collection

4 techniques
T1056Input CaptureEvidence1

"The malware also supports the capability to start speech recognition and exfiltrate the resulting transcript to the remote page."

T1056.001KeyloggingEvidence1

"specifically target Gmail by reading visible email content directly from the document object model (DOM) when a victim visits mail.google[.]com."

T1123Audio CaptureEvidence1

"capability to start speech recognition and exfiltrate the resulting transcript"

T1213Data from Information RepositoriesEvidence1

"In practice, the code transmits ... Meta Business 'People' CSV exports, and Business Manager analytics data..."; "...specifically target Gmail by reading visible email content directly from the document object model (DOM)"

Command and Control

1 technique
T1102Web ServiceEvidence1

"embed remote, server-controlled interfaces inside extension-controlled surfaces"; "render a full-screen iframe overlay pointing to a remote domain... allowing the attackers to remotely introduce new capabilities"

Exfiltration

2 techniques
T1041Exfiltration Over C2 ChannelEvidence1

"...transmits TOTP seeds and current one-time security codes ... to a backend at getauth[.]pro, with an option to forward the same payloads to a Telegram channel controlled by the threat actor."; "...transmitted to third-party backend infrastructure controlled by the extension operator"

T1567Exfiltration Over Web ServiceEvidence1

"the code transmits TOTP seeds and current one-time security codes ... to a backend at getauth[.]pro, with an option to forward the same payloads to a Telegram channel"

INDICATORS OF COMPROMISE

IOCs tracked for this family

5 indicators attributed across vendor reports, sandbox runs, and researcher write-ups. Full values are available in Mallory.

View more in app
Network
5 tracked

IPs, domains, and DNS infrastructure linked to this family.

TypeValueLatest sighting
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domain●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app4 months ago
What this page doesn’t show

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IOC matching5

Match every observed IP, domain, and hash against your live telemetry.

Threat actor attribution

Named campaigns wielding this family, with evidence pinned to each claim.

Exploited vulnerabilities

CVEs this family uses for access and lateral movement.

Detection signatures

YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.

MITRE ATT&CK mapping10

Every documented technique, ranked by evidence weight.

Researcher chatter

Reddit, Mastodon, and CTI community discussion around this family.