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Graphon is a bespoke backdoor associated with the Harvester espionage group, a likely nation-state-backed actor active since at least 2021. It has been described as Backdoor.Graphon and as a .NET implant used in Harvester operations targeting South Asia, including telecommunications, government, and information technology sectors. Multiple sources in the content state that Graphon uses Microsoft infrastructure for command and control, specifically the Microsoft Graph API, allowing it to blend malicious traffic with legitimate Microsoft cloud activity. The malware is repeatedly described as functionally similar to, and nearly identical in behavior to, Harvester’s later GoGra backdoor; researchers linked the tooling through shared command-and-control logic and distinctive coding mistakes, indicating common development lineage. The content also states that Harvester previously used Graphon to attack Windows systems, while later related activity expanded to Linux via GoGra. High-confidence behavioral details directly attributed to Graphon in the content are that it is a custom backdoor used for C2 via Microsoft Graph/Microsoft infrastructure and that it was part of Harvester’s espionage toolset in South Asia.
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1 distinct threat actor attributed by public researchers. Open in Mallory to see the full evidence chain and overlapping campaigns.
One of its tools is a custom backdoor called Graphon, which has similarities with GoGra and also uses Microsoft infrastructure for its C2 activity.
5 distinct techniques documented for this family, organized by ATT&CK tactic.
"GoGra ... uses the Microsoft Graph API to interact with a command-and-control (C&C) server hosted on Microsoft mail services..."; "Grager ... used the Graph API to communicate with a C&C server hosted on Microsoft OneDrive"; "Onedrivetools ... authenticates to Microsoft Graph API and downloads the second stage payload from OneDrive... fetching the new commands to execute from a file called cmd"
The malware uses the legitimate Microsoft Graph API and Outlook mailboxes as a covert command-and-control (C2) channel, allowing it to bypass traditional perimeter network defenses.
1 indicator attributed across vendor reports, sandbox runs, and researcher write-ups. Full values are available in Mallory.
File hashes (MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256) from samples and reports.
8 sources tracked across advisories, community write-ups, and news. New activity surfaces here as Mallory finds it.
A custom Windows backdoor associated with Harvester. It is described as highly similar to GoGra and also uses Microsoft infrastructure for command-and-control activity.
A backdoor similar to GoGra that relies on Microsoft infrastructure for command-and-control.
A bespoke implant used by Harvester in an information-stealing campaign targeting South Asia. It leveraged the Microsoft Graph API for command-and-control communications.
A custom backdoor associated with Harvester that is similar to GoGra and uses Microsoft infrastructure for command-and-control.
Match every observed IP, domain, and hash against your live telemetry.
Named campaigns wielding this family, with evidence pinned to each claim.
CVEs this family uses for access and lateral movement.
YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.
Every documented technique, ranked by evidence weight.
Reddit, Mastodon, and CTI community discussion around this family.