OpenSIPS disclosed CVE-2026-45100, a critical remotely exploitable buffer overflow in the {s.b64encode} string transformation affecting versions 3.4.0-beta through 3.6.5 and 4.0.0-beta. The flaw stems from validating only the pre-encoding input against a 64 KB buffer, even though Base64 expansion can increase output size enough to overflow the buffer by up to 21,844 bytes. An attacker can trigger the issue by sending a SIP message with a very large header value when an OpenSIPS routing script applies {s.b64encode} to attacker-controlled data.
The overflow can corrupt adjacent transformation buffers and alter values used by later transformations processing the same SIP message, creating integrity and availability risk. OpenSIPS addressed the issue through code changes that enforce stricter bounds checks on input-derived lengths and related parsing logic across the codebase, including Base64 encoding and other buffer-sensitive components. The vendor fixed the vulnerability in OpenSIPS 3.6.6 and 4.0.0-rc1; the flaw is tracked as CWE-120 and carries a CVSS 9.1 rating.

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On August 4, 2026, CVE-2026-45100 was published describing a critical remote buffer overflow in OpenSIPS {s.b64encode} affecting versions 3.4.0-beta through 3.6.5 and 4.0.0-beta before 4.0.0-rc1. The disclosure states the flaw was fixed in OpenSIPS 3.6.6 and 4.0.0-rc1 and assigned a CVSS 9.1 score.
On May 13, 2026, OpenSIPS committed fixes that add bounds checks for input-derived lengths, including correcting the base64 output length check in transformations.c to account for 4/3 expansion. The changes were committed in both the 3.6 and 4.0 branches via commits 4d23613 and 5f103ef.
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