Ransomware incidents in manufacturing environments can create a loss of operator visibility by encrypting the files that HMI, SCADA, and engineering workstations rely on to display and manage industrial processes. Trend Micro reported that attackers do not need to directly manipulate industrial control processes to cause major disruption; in one HMI-related case, 88% of encrypted files were image assets such as JPEG, BMP, and GIF files that were required for the interface to render properly.
The resulting outage aligns with MITRE ATT&CK ICS technique T0829 (Loss of View), in which operators lose remote visibility into the true state of operations and may be forced into local, manual intervention to restore monitoring or control. Beyond immediate production disruption, the attacks can also hit shared file repositories, engineering workflows, and supply chain systems, while modern ransomware groups increasingly add data theft and extortion, raising the risk of blackmail, resale of stolen information, and exposure of intellectual property and confidential supply chain data.

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Trend Micro reported that ransomware can incapacitate industrial environments by encrypting HMI, SCADA, and engineering workstation support files rather than directly attacking ICS processes, and highlighted one HMI incident where 88% of encrypted files were image assets needed to render the interface.
MITRE published technique T0829 describing how adversaries can cause sustained or permanent loss of operator visibility in ICS environments, potentially forcing local manual intervention while concealing the true state of operations.
Trend Micro states that the Maze ransomware operation started a trend in which ransomware groups steal victim data in addition to encrypting files, using the threat of leaks or resale to increase pressure on victims.
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