The UK National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) warned that “shadow AI”—employees using AI tools outside approved organisational systems—can expose sensitive corporate, proprietary and customer data while depriving security teams of visibility and control. Citing Microsoft research, it said 71% of UK employees have used AI tools not approved by their employer; information submitted to consumer AI services may be retained, stored or used to improve those services, creating breach, intellectual-property and regulatory-compliance risks.
The NCSC also cautioned that vulnerable, poorly governed or compromised AI agents could provide attackers with access to the data, services and privileges available to those agents. It advised organisations to reduce rather than expect to eliminate shadow-AI use by fostering open communication, understanding employee requirements, establishing secure-use guardrails, offering usable approved alternatives, and carefully governing agentic AI integrations.

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The UK National Cyber Security Centre published guidance warning that employee use of AI tools outside approved systems can expose corporate and customer data, reduce organisational visibility and control, and create breach, intellectual-property, and compliance risks. It also warned that exploitation of vulnerable AI agents could give attackers access to the data, services, and privileges available to those agents, and recommended secure-use guardrails, approved alternatives, and an open security culture.
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