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Out-of-Bounds Write in Samsung Exynos NPU Driver npu_queue_update
CVE-2025-23103 is a high-severity out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the Samsung Exynos NPU driver affecting Exynos 1480 and Exynos 2400 platforms. The flaw is caused by a missing length check in the npu_queue_update function. Specifically, the function processes queue containers using a user-controlled count value without validating that count against the allocated size of queue_list. As a result, the loop can iterate past the end of the allocated containers array, causing q_container to reference memory beyond the intended bounds and leading to writes of attacker-controlled data into adjacent kernel memory. A further out-of-bounds write may occur when q_buffer is derived from an out-of-bounds q_container. Samsung indicated the issue is reachable from the untrusted_app SELinux context with low privileges and no user interaction.
What it means and what to do now: patch path, interim mitigations, and the assume-compromise checklist.
What an attacker gets, and what they’ve been doing with it.
Successful exploitation can corrupt kernel memory and enable local privilege escalation. Because attacker-influenced values may be written to attacker-influenced kernel addresses, the vulnerability can potentially compromise confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected device. Samsung assigned a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 with vector AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
If you can’t patch tonight, do this now.
Until patched firmware is deployed, reduce exposure by limiting execution of untrusted applications on affected devices, restricting local app installation to trusted sources, and minimizing access to interfaces that can reach the NPU driver from low-privilege app contexts. Because the flaw is locally reachable from untrusted_app and requires no user interaction, there is no complete mitigation short of applying the vendor patch.
Patch, then assume compromise.
Apply the Samsung Product Security Update released on June 1, 2025 that addresses CVE-2025-23103. Remediation requires updating affected Samsung devices and Exynos 1480/2400-based systems to a vendor-fixed build containing the added bounds validation in the NPU driver.
No public exploits tracked yet. Mallory keeps watching.
Products and vendors Mallory has correlated with this vulnerability. Open in Mallory to drill down to specific CPE configurations and version ranges.
4 sources tracked across advisories, community write-ups, and news. New activity surfaces here as Mallory finds it.