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CVE-2025-38463 is a signedness vulnerability in the Linux kernel TCP send path. When appending data to an existing socket buffer, the remaining-space calculation subtracts the unsigned skb->len from the signed size_goal. C integer promotion makes the subtraction unsigned; on 64-bit systems, assigning the result to the signed ssize_t copy variable zero-extends it. If size_goal is smaller than skb->len, the calculation therefore produces a large positive value instead of a negative value. Subsequent TCP memory-accounting operations can overflow sk->sk_forward_alloc and cause it to wrap to a negative value. The condition can be reproduced using TCP_REPAIR and can also arise when tcp_bound_to_half_wnd() reduces size_goal during ordinary TCP operation.
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A vulnerability affecting Google COS kernel packages. Its CVSS v3 base score is 7.1, indicating local exploitation requiring low privileges, with high integrity and availability impact and no confidentiality impact. The advisory does not describe the underlying flaw.
A Linux kernel TCP flaw caused by incorrect signedness in the socket-buffer remaining-space calculation.
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Every observed campaign linking this CVE to a named adversary.
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Cross-references every affected SKU, including bundled OEM variants.
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