A race condition in the Linux kernel fs/notify subsystem can cause a NULL pointer dereference when inotify fdinfo is read for a file descriptor watching an overlayfs inode while the associated overlayfs superblock is being unmounted. In the vulnerable path, inotify_show_fdinfo() reaches show_mark_fhandle(), which calls exportfs_encode_fid(); for overlayfs this can invoke ovl_encode_fh() and ovl_check_encode_origin(). During concurrent unmount, generic_shutdown_super() may clear the superblock root by setting s_root to NULL before the fsnotify teardown completes. If the fdinfo path dereferences inode->i_sb->s_root after that point, the kernel can fault. The fix protects the exportfs_encode_fid() call from show_mark_fhandle() with the s_umount lock to serialize against unmount.
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