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Use-after-Free in NGINX ngx_http_v3_module HTTP/3 QPACK handling

IdentifiersCVE-2026-42530CWE-416

CVE-2026-42530 is a use-after-free vulnerability in NGINX Open Source's ngx_http_v3_module, specifically in the HTTP/3 QUIC processing path. When NGINX is configured to use the HTTP/3 QUIC module, a remote unauthenticated attacker can send a specially crafted HTTP/3 session that reopens a QPACK encoder stream mid-session. This can trigger a use-after-free condition in the NGINX worker process, resulting in memory corruption. The issue affects NGINX Open Source 1.31.0 and 1.31.1; public reporting indicates it was fixed in 1.31.2. The flaw can crash and restart the worker process and, on systems where ASLR is disabled or can be bypassed, may be leveraged for code execution.

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ANALYST BRIEF

Impact, mitigation & remediation

What it means. What to do now. Patch path, mitigations, and the assume-compromise checklist.

Impact

What an attacker gets, and what they’ve been doing with it.

Successful exploitation can corrupt memory in the NGINX worker process, causing the worker to crash and restart, which creates a denial-of-service condition. Repeated exploitation could be used to sustain service disruption. In environments where Address Space Layout Randomization is disabled, or where an attacker can otherwise bypass ASLR, the memory corruption may be exploitable for arbitrary code execution in the context of the NGINX worker process.

Mitigation

If you can’t patch tonight, do this now.

If immediate patching is not possible, disable HTTP/3/QUIC support so ngx_http_v3_module is not exposed to untrusted clients, including removing the quic parameter from listen directives where applicable. Maintain ASLR and other platform hardening protections to reduce the likelihood of reliable code execution from the memory corruption condition.

Remediation

Patch, then assume compromise.

Upgrade NGINX Open Source to version 1.31.2 or later. Apply corresponding vendor-issued fixes for affected downstream or bundled NGINX-based products where applicable. Prioritize internet-facing deployments running vulnerable versions with HTTP/3 enabled.
PUBLIC EXPLOITS

Exploits

No valid public exploits. Mallory filtered out 4 candidates as fakes, detection scripts, or README-only repos.

VALID 0 / 4 TOTALView more in app

All candidate exploits were filtered out by Mallory's validation.

EXPOSURE SURFACE

Affected products & vendors

Products and vendors Mallory has correlated with this vulnerability. Open in Mallory to drill down to specific CPE configurations and version ranges.

VendorProductType
F5Nginx Open Sourceapplication
NginxNginxapplication
NginxNgx Http V3 Moduleapplication

Vendor-confirmed product mapping. Mallory continuously reconciles this list against your asset inventory.

What this page doesn’t show

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Threat actor evidence

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Associated malware

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Detection signatures

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Social activity54

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