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ShadowRay is a threat activity cluster associated with exploitation of exposed Ray artificial intelligence framework deployments via CVE-2023-48022. The campaign has been described as a self-propagating botnet operation targeting organizations that run large and costly GPU-backed Ray environments. Observed objectives include cryptocurrency mining, theft of proprietary data, and use of compromised infrastructure for distributed denial-of-service activity. Reported post-compromise actions include abuse of unauthenticated Ray job submission functionality, lateral movement within victim environments, and follow-on compromise of additional systems. In multiple intrusions, operators accessed sensitive enterprise assets including AI models, datasets, source code, cloud credentials, database credentials, and retained production user data. Automation appears to play a significant role in target discovery, operational recovery, and stealth. The activity has also been associated with the threat operation name IronErn440.
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Sectors the actor has been observed targeting.
1 distinct technique observed across reporting, grouped by tactic. Hover any cell for the evidence excerpt; click through for MITRE's full description.
1 sources tracked across advisories, community write-ups, and news. New activity surfaces here as Mallory finds it.
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Every observed MITRE ATT&CK technique, grouped by tactic.
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