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4 malware familiesExploits CVEs in the wild

UNC6748

Also known asUNC6748

UNC6748 is a threat actor tracked by Google Threat Intelligence Group that has been linked to use of the DarkSword iOS exploit kit since at least November 2025. GTIG first observed UNC6748 using DarkSword via a Snapchat-themed decoy/phishing site, including snapshare[.]chat, to target users in Saudi Arabia. The site impersonated Snapchat and used hidden code to automatically launch the exploit. UNC6748 is described in the reporting as a user of DarkSword and as a customer of Turkish commercial surveillance vendor PARS Defense. DarkSword activity associated with UNC6748 targeted iPhones running iOS 18.4 through 18.7. The exploit chain used six vulnerabilities to achieve full device compromise. In UNC6748 intrusions, the post-exploitation payload was GHOSTKNIFE, a JavaScript backdoor. Reported GHOSTKNIFE capabilities include exfiltration of signed-in account data, messages, browser data, location history, and audio recordings from the device microphone. Additional reporting states GHOSTKNIFE communicates with command-and-control using a custom binary protocol encrypted with ECDH and AES and deletes crash logs to hinder forensic detection. Known alias in the provided content: unc6748. The content also distinguishes UNC6748 from PARS Defense and from UNC6353, a suspected Russian espionage group.

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OPERATIONAL PROFILE

Targeting

Who, where, and (when attributed) which flag flies behind the operation. Pulled from open-source reporting and Mallory's analyst review.

Where they target

Geographies tied to known operations.

  • 🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia
MITRE ATT&CK

Tradecraft

20 distinct techniques observed across reporting, grouped by tactic. Hover any cell for the evidence excerpt; click through for MITRE's full description.

9 of 15 tactics23 techniques×N= number of intelligence reports citing this technique
MITRE ATT&CK
TA0001
Initial Access
3 techniques
T1189×6
Drive-by Compromise
T1190×5
Exploit Public-Facing Application
T1566
Phishing
T1566.002
Spearphishing Link
TA0002
Execution
2 techniques
T1059
Command and Scripting Interpreter
T1059.007×2
JavaScript
T1203×3
Exploitation for Client Execution
TA0004
Privilege Escalation
2 techniques
T1068
Exploitation for Privilege Escalation
T1611×3
Escape to Host
TA0005
Stealth
3 techniques
T1027
Obfuscated Files or Information
T1070×2
Indicator Removal
T1497
Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion
T1497.001
System Checks
TA0006
Credential Access
1 technique
T1649×2
Steal or Forge Authentication Certificates
TA0007
Discovery
1 technique
T1497
Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion
T1497.001
System Checks
TA0009
Collection
4 techniques
T1005×3
Data from Local System
T1123
Audio Capture
T1185
Browser Session Hijacking
T1213
Data from Information Repositories
TA0011
Command and Control
2 techniques
T1071×2
Application Layer Protocol
T1573
Encrypted Channel
TA0010
Exfiltration
1 technique
T1041×2
Exfiltration Over C2 Channel
WEAPONIZED

Associated vulnerabilities

6 CVEs this actor has used in observed campaigns. 6 of them exploited in the wild.

CVE-2025-14174Out-of-bounds memory access in ANGLE in Google Chrome on MacIn the wildEvidence5

DarkSword is an exploit kit that targets iPhones running iOS versions 18.4 through 18.7... The kit leverages six vulnerabilities, CVE-2025-31277, CVE-2025-43529, CVE-2026-20700, CVE-2025-14174, CVE-2025-43510, and CVE-2025-43520.

CVE-2025-31277Memory corruption in Apple WebKit/JavaScriptCore web content processingIn the wildEvidence5

DarkSword is an exploit kit that targets iPhones running iOS versions 18.4 through 18.7... The kit leverages six vulnerabilities, CVE-2025-31277, CVE-2025-43529, CVE-2026-20700, CVE-2025-14174, CVE-2025-43510, and CVE-2025-43520.

CVE-2025-43510Improper locking copy-on-write memory corruption in Apple XNU kernelIn the wildEvidence5

DarkSword is an exploit kit that targets iPhones running iOS versions 18.4 through 18.7... The kit leverages six vulnerabilities, CVE-2025-31277, CVE-2025-43529, CVE-2026-20700, CVE-2025-14174, CVE-2025-43510, and CVE-2025-43520.

CVE-2025-43520Apple XNU VFS kernel race condition privilege escalationIn the wildEvidence5

DarkSword is an exploit kit that targets iPhones running iOS versions 18.4 through 18.7... The kit leverages six vulnerabilities, CVE-2025-31277, CVE-2025-43529, CVE-2026-20700, CVE-2025-14174, CVE-2025-43510, and CVE-2025-43520.

CVE-2025-43529Use-after-free in Apple JavaScriptCore/WebKit leading to arbitrary code executionIn the wildEvidence5

DarkSword is an exploit kit that targets iPhones running iOS versions 18.4 through 18.7... The kit leverages six vulnerabilities, CVE-2025-31277, CVE-2025-43529, CVE-2026-20700, CVE-2025-14174, CVE-2025-43510, and CVE-2025-43520.

1 more CVE tied to this actor tracked in Mallory.

IOCS

Observables

1 indicator attributed to this actor: domains, IPs, hashes, and other artifacts pulled from reporting. View more in app.

IOC values are gated. View more in Mallory for domains, IPs, hashes, and other artifacts, or pipe them straight into your SIEM.

What this page doesn’t show

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Target overlap

Match sector + geo + tech-stack targeting against your real footprint.

Tradecraft mapping20

Every observed MITRE ATT&CK technique, grouped by tactic.

Malware arsenal4

Families this actor is known to deploy, with IOCs and behavior.

Exploited CVEs6

CVEs this actor has used in known campaigns.

Detection signatures

YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.

Observables1

Domains, IPs, and hashes tied to this actor, refreshed continuously.