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REF4322 is an intrusion activity cluster affecting a Vietnam-based financial-services company. It overlaps with the related REF2754 campaign through deployment of the SPECTRALVIPER Windows backdoor on compromised endpoints, including systems previously associated with PHOREAL and PIPEDANCE activity. REF4322 and REF2754 have been assessed with moderate confidence as activity by a Vietnamese state-affiliated actor overlapping with Canvas Cyclone, APT32, and OceanLotus. SPECTRALVIPER is an obfuscated 64-bit Windows backdoor supporting encrypted HTTP and named-pipe command-and-control, payload loading, process hollowing and shellcode injection, file and directory manipulation, file transfer, token theft and impersonation, and process-privilege adjustment. Associated tooling includes DONUTLOADER, P8LOADER, and POWERSEAL. P8LOADER loads portable-executable payloads from memory or disk and can capture output and log API activity through named pipes. POWERSEAL executes PowerShell commands or scripts and incorporates AMSI and ETW bypass methods. Observed execution paths also included signed-binary proxy execution and DLL side-loading.
Mallory correlates actor tradecraft and target patterns against your stack, your sector, and your geography. See overlap before they land.
Who, where, and (when attributed) which flag flies behind the operation. Pulled from open-source reporting and Mallory's analyst review.
Sectors the actor has been observed targeting.
Geographies tied to known operations.
Attributed origin per open-source reporting.
5 indicators attributed to this actor: domains, IPs, hashes, and other artifacts pulled from reporting. View more in app.
2 sources tracked across advisories, community write-ups, and news. New activity surfaces here as Mallory finds it.
A related campaign/activity group overlapping with REF2754, affecting a Vietnam-based financial services company and sharing malware, deployment techniques, and infrastructure patterns.
A related espionage activity cluster targeting a Vietnamese financial-services organization. It overlaps operationally with REF2754 and involved SPECTRALVIPER, with PIPEDANCE and PHOREAL observed on affected endpoints.
Match sector + geo + tech-stack targeting against your real footprint.
Every observed MITRE ATT&CK technique, grouped by tactic.
Families this actor is known to deploy, with IOCs and behavior.
CVEs this actor has used in known campaigns.
YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.
Domains, IPs, and hashes tied to this actor, refreshed continuously.