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SPAWNWAVE is an implant utility in the SPAWN malware ecosystem used in post-exploitation operations against Ivanti Connect Secure VPN appliances. It is an evolved version of SPAWNANT that combines capabilities from other SPAWN components and overlaps with the publicly reported SPAWNCHIMERA and RESURGE malware families. SPAWNWAVE is associated with UNC5221, a suspected China-nexus cyberespionage actor targeting organizations across multiple countries and industry sectors. It was observed in operations involving exploitation of CVE-2025-22457, a buffer overflow vulnerability enabling remote code execution on vulnerable Ivanti Connect Secure appliances. Other SPAWN components used in these operations included SPAWNSLOTH for log tampering and SPAWNSNARE for kernel-image extraction and encryption.
Mallory pivots from this family to the IOCs, detections, and named campaigns that touch your stack, and pages you when something new lands.
1 CVE Mallory has correlated with this family across public research and vendor advisories. Each row links to the full Mallory page for that vulnerability.
The earliest evidence of observed CVE-2025-22457 exploitation occurred in mid-March 2025. Following successful exploitation, we observed the deployment of two newly identified malware families, the TRAILBLAZE in-memory only dropper and the BRUSHFIRE passive backdoor.
1 distinct threat actor attributed by public researchers. Open in Mallory to see the full evidence chain and overlapping campaigns.
The actor also used other SPAWN components such as SPAWNSLOTH (log tampering), SPAWNSNARE (kernel image extraction and encryption), and SPAWNWAVE (an evolved implant utility).
2 distinct techniques documented for this family, organized by ATT&CK tactic.
2 sources tracked across advisories, community write-ups, and news. New activity surfaces here as Mallory finds it.
Match every observed IP, domain, and hash against your live telemetry.
Named campaigns wielding this family, with evidence pinned to each claim.
CVEs this family uses for access and lateral movement.
YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.
Every documented technique, ranked by evidence weight.
Reddit, Mastodon, and CTI community discussion around this family.