A race condition in the Linux kernel's copy-on-write memory handling, tracked as CVE-2016-5195 and widely known as Dirty COW, allowed local users to gain elevated privileges by exploiting a flaw in __get_user_pages() and related memory management logic. The bug affected a broad range of Linux systems and became notable because it could let an unprivileged attacker modify otherwise read-only mappings, opening a path to root-level compromise on vulnerable hosts.
The issue was addressed in the upstream Linux kernel with changes described as removing gup_flags FOLL_WRITE handling games from __get_user_pages(), a fix tied to the vulnerable code path in the kernel memory subsystem. Security teams were urged to prioritize kernel updates and remediation across servers, workstations, and embedded Linux deployments because successful exploitation required only local access and could undermine core host trust boundaries.

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A Linux kernel commit titled "mm: remove gup_flags FOLL_WRITE games from __get_user_pages()" was published as the fix associated with Dirty COW (CVE-2016-5195). This commit represents the remediation event in the upstream kernel source tree.
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