CVE-2022-25265 is a Linux kernel executable-space-protection bypass affecting kernels through 5.16.10. On x86_64 systems, a deliberately crafted 32-bit ELF executable that omits the PT_GNU_STACK header can be treated as requiring an executable stack, allowing code execution from file-backed regions that should be non-executable. The condition affects certain legacy binaries, including software built with GCC 3.2.2-era toolchains for systems without NX support; 64-bit executables are not affected.
A public proof of concept demonstrated building such a binary on Slackware 9 with Linux 2.4.20 and running machine code copied into a character buffer on a modern Linux 5.16.1 system, producing effectively RWX mapped memory. Red Hat rated the issue CVSS 7.8 and issued RHEL 8 kernel and real-time kernel fixes through RHSA-2023:2736, RHSA-2023:2951, and RHSA-2024:0724 for RHEL 8.6 EUS. RHEL 6 and 7 are unsupported, while RHEL 9 does not support 32-bit binaries; organizations should apply applicable kernel errata and identify legacy 32-bit ELF workloads.

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Red Hat issued RHSA-2023:2736 for the RHEL 8 kernel-rt package and RHSA-2023:2951 for the RHEL 8 kernel package to address CVE-2022-25265. Red Hat also closed Bug 2055499.
Sandipan Roy reported CVE-2022-25265, a Linux kernel issue in which certain legacy ELF binaries can receive an exec-all attribute and execute bytes in nominally non-executable file regions.
A proof of concept built with GCC 3.2.2 on Slackware 9/Linux 2.4.20 demonstrated that a legacy binary lacking PT_GNU_STACK could execute machine code copied into a character buffer on a modern Linux 5.16.1 system.
Red Hat issued RHSA-2024:0724 to address CVE-2022-25265 for the RHEL 8.6 Extended Update Support kernel and the Red Hat Virtualization 4 for RHEL 8 kernel.
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