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CVE-2006-1540 is a memory corruption vulnerability in MSO.DLL affecting Microsoft Office 2000, Office XP (2002), and Office 2003. The issue is triggered when Office applications parse malformed records/strings embedded in crafted Office documents (e.g., Excel .xls/.xlw, Word documents, PowerPoint documents). Public demonstrations described manipulating document record data (e.g., replacing a specific 4-byte sequence "01 00 00 00" with "FF FF FF FF") leading to invalid indexing/size handling and access violations in components such as ole32.dll, excel.exe, winword.exe (mso.dll), and powerpnt. Subsequent analysis indicated the root cause could be triggered as an integer overflow due to inconsistent size values for a Unicode "Sheet Name" string, enabling denial of service and potentially arbitrary code execution in the context of the user opening the document.
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