CVE-2023-29389 affects Toyota RAV4 2021 vehicles. The vehicle's in-vehicle CAN network implicitly trusts messages from other ECUs on the bus and does not adequately authenticate critical control messages. An attacker with physical proximity can pull back the bumper, access wiring via the headlight connector, reach the control CAN bus, and inject forged CAN frames such as a spoofed "Key is validated" message. Because the receiving systems accept these messages as legitimate, the attacker can trigger vehicle functions associated with authorized key presence and vehicle start. Public reporting also notes exploitation in the wild during the 2022–2023 CAN-injection theft wave.
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