CVE-2025-22126 is a use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux kernel MD (multiple-device/RAID) subsystem. The md_notify_reboot() and md_exit() paths iterate the global all_mddevs list using list_for_each_entry_safe(). The iterator's cached next mddev entry can be concurrently removed, freed, and deallocated after the list lock is dropped while a reference is held only on the current entry. When iteration resumes, the kernel dereferences the stale next-entry pointer. The fix changes the iteration and reference-management approach and introduces mddev_put_locked() so entries cannot be freed while they remain subject to traversal.
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A Linux kernel md subsystem use-after-free vulnerability involving iteration of the all_mddevs list.
Linux kernel MD subsystem use-after-free while iterating the all_mddevs list.
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Every observed campaign linking this CVE to a named adversary.
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Cross-references every affected SKU, including bundled OEM variants.
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