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North Korea🇰🇵 KP76 malware familiesExploits CVEs in the wild

APT38

Also known asAPT38APT38 (Bluenoroff)BeagleBoyzBlueNoroffCageyChameleonCryptoCoreDangerousPasswordleeryturtlemasannickel tapestrysapphire sleetTA444unc1069

APT38 is a North Korea-aligned threat actor associated with the DPRK and widely linked to financially motivated cyber operations, especially theft from cryptocurrency and financial targets. The provided content ties APT38 closely to BlueNoroff/Bluenoroff and notes OFAC listed APT38 and APT 38 as aliases of Bluenoroff; the content also references related aliases and tracking names including BeagleBoyz, BlueNoroff, CageyChameleon, CryptoCore, DangerousPassword, LeeryTurtle, Masan, Nickel Tapestry, Sapphire Sleet, TA444, and UNC1069. Multiple items in the content describe UNC1069/CryptoCore as a DPRK-linked cryptocurrency-theft cluster active since at least 2018 that may be the successor to what was previously tracked as APT38. The actor is described as targeting cryptocurrency organizations, cryptocurrency exchanges, financial institutions, and related users and officials, with objectives including confidential information theft and monetary gain via SWIFT and cryptocurrency theft. The content also states that U.S. authorities attributed the theft of approximately $615 million from Axie Infinity to Lazarus Group and APT38, and that DOJ reporting tracked Lazarus Group and APT38 as part of a North Korean conspiracy involving bank heists, cryptocurrency theft, malicious cryptocurrency applications, FASTCash activity, and other financially motivated operations. Directly attributed tradecraft in the content includes use of the NACHOCHEESE command-line tunneler for shell access, use of batch scripts, collection of data from compromised hosts, modification of file timestamps to mimic nearby files, use of Sysmon for process and service reconnaissance, use of open-source tools such as Mimikatz, collection of browser bookmark information to profile victims and identify internal resources, and use of CLOSESHAVE to securely delete files and remove malware, tools, and other non-native artifacts during cleanup. The content also notes Elastic assessed PHANTOMPULSE tradecraft, targeting, and infrastructure as aligned with DPRK-linked crypto-targeting clusters including Lazarus, BlueNoroff, UNC5342, and APT38, but that reporting aligns rather than directly attributes PHANTOMPULSE to APT38.

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OPERATIONAL PROFILE

Targeting

Who, where, and (when attributed) which flag flies behind the operation. Pulled from open-source reporting and Mallory's analyst review.

Who they target

Sectors the actor has been observed targeting.

  • Financial Services

Where they're from

Attributed origin per open-source reporting.

  • KP
MITRE ATT&CK

Tradecraft

56 distinct techniques observed across reporting, grouped by tactic. Hover any cell for the evidence excerpt; click through for MITRE's full description.

14 of 15 tactics79 techniques×N= number of intelligence reports citing this technique
MITRE ATT&CK
TA0043
Reconnaissance
2 techniques
T1589
Gather Victim Identity Information
T1598
Phishing for Information
TA0042
Resource Development
2 techniques
T1585
Establish Accounts
T1588
Obtain Capabilities
T1588.002
Tool
TA0001
Initial Access
4 techniques
T1078×3
Valid Accounts
T1189×2
Drive-by Compromise
T1195×6
Supply Chain Compromise
T1195.001×2
Compromise Software Dependencies and Development Tools
T1195.002
Compromise Software Supply Chain
T1566×3
Phishing
T1566.001
Spearphishing Attachment
T1566.003×2
Spearphishing via Service
TA0002
Execution
4 techniques
T1053
Scheduled Task/Job
T1053.005×2
Scheduled Task
T1059×2
Command and Scripting Interpreter
T1059.001×3
PowerShell
T1059.002×2
AppleScript
T1059.003×2
Windows Command Shell
T1059.004×2
Unix Shell
T1059.006
Python
T1204
User Execution
T1204.002
Malicious File
T1574
Hijack Execution Flow
TA0003
Persistence
6 techniques
T1053
Scheduled Task/Job
T1053.005×2
Scheduled Task
T1078×3
Valid Accounts
T1112
Modify Registry
T1543
Create or Modify System Process
T1543.003
Windows Service
T1547
Boot or Logon Autostart Execution
T1556
Modify Authentication Process
TA0004
Privilege Escalation
6 techniques
T1053
Scheduled Task/Job
T1053.005×2
Scheduled Task
T1055×4
Process Injection
T1078×3
Valid Accounts
T1543
Create or Modify System Process
T1543.003
Windows Service
T1547
Boot or Logon Autostart Execution
T1548
Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism
T1548.002
Bypass User Account Control
TA0005
Stealth
9 techniques
T1027
Obfuscated Files or Information
T1036×4
Masquerading
T1055×4
Process Injection
T1070×4
Indicator Removal
T1070.004×3
File Deletion
T1070.006
Timestomp
T1078×3
Valid Accounts
T1218
System Binary Proxy Execution
T1564
Hide Artifacts
T1574
Hijack Execution Flow
T1620×2
Reflective Code Loading
TA0112
Defense Impairment
2 techniques
T1112
Modify Registry
T1556
Modify Authentication Process
TA0006
Credential Access
5 techniques
T1003
OS Credential Dumping
T1056
Input Capture
T1056.001
Keylogging
T1555
Credentials from Password Stores
T1555.003
Credentials from Web Browsers
T1555.005
Password Managers
T1556
Modify Authentication Process
T1649×4
Steal or Forge Authentication Certificates
TA0007
Discovery
4 techniques
T1057×2
Process Discovery
T1082×3
System Information Discovery
T1083
File and Directory Discovery
T1217
Browser Information Discovery
TA0009
Collection
5 techniques
T1005×2
Data from Local System
T1056
Input Capture
T1056.001
Keylogging
T1115
Clipboard Data
T1125
Video Capture
T1560
Archive Collected Data
TA0011
Command and Control
4 techniques
T1071×2
Application Layer Protocol
T1071.001
Web Protocols
T1102
Web Service
T1105×2
Ingress Tool Transfer
T1219×4
Remote Access Tools
TA0010
Exfiltration
1 technique
T1041×2
Exfiltration Over C2 Channel
TA0040
Impact
1 technique
T1657
Financial Theft
ARSENAL

Associated malware families

76 malware families attributed to this actor across reporting.

FamilyContextEvidenceLast seen
WAVESHAPER.V2Google described WAVESHAPER.V2 as a “fully functional RAT”, capable of reconnaissance (extracting telemetry), command execution (in-memory Portable Executable injection and arbitrary shell commands), and system enumeration (returns detailed metadata).6May 26, 2026
AppleJeusThe joint cybersecurity analysis and MARs highlight the cyber threat North Korea – which is referred to by the U.S. government as HIDDEN COBRA – poses to cryptocurrency and identify malware and indicators of compromise related to the “AppleJeus” family of malware (the name given by the cybersecurity community to a family of North Korean malicious cryptocurrency applications that includes Celas Trade Pro, WorldBit-Bot, Union Crypto Trader, Kupay Wallet, CoinGo Trade, Dorusio, CryptoNeuro Trader, and Ants2Whale).3May 26, 2026
icloudzAside from deploying a credential stealer that exfiltrates data via Telegram Bot API, the campaign also involved the icloudz backdoor that enabled further in-memory delivery of additional payloads.3Apr 18, 2026
plain-crypto-jsThese versions introduced a phantom dependency -- plain-crypto-js@4.2.1 ... a package that had not existed before that day and is never actually imported by axios code. Its sole purpose was to execute a postinstall script that drops and runs a cross-platform RAT targeting macOS, Windows, and Linux.3Apr 16, 2026
WAVESHAPERThe goal was credential harvesting and financial theft, facilitated by multiple malware families including WAVESHAPER and SUGARLOADER... a fake error prompt tricked the maintainer into running an “update” that deployed WAVESHAPER.V2, giving the attackers the npm credentials needed to publish trojanized versions of axios.3Apr 9, 2026

71 additional families tracked in Mallory.

IOCS

Observables

443 indicators attributed to this actor: domains, IPs, hashes, and other artifacts pulled from reporting. View more in app.

IOC values are gated. View more in Mallory for domains, IPs, hashes, and other artifacts, or pipe them straight into your SIEM.

What this page doesn’t show

The version that knows your environment.

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Target overlap

Match sector + geo + tech-stack targeting against your real footprint.

Tradecraft mapping56

Every observed MITRE ATT&CK technique, grouped by tactic.

Malware arsenal76

Families this actor is known to deploy, with IOCs and behavior.

Exploited CVEs2

CVEs this actor has used in known campaigns.

Detection signatures

YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.

Observables443

Domains, IPs, and hashes tied to this actor, refreshed continuously.